![]() ![]() Furthermore, we discuss phenomena that warrant further investigations in relevant fields and outline how liquid metals can contribute to exciting future applications. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals underlying liquid metal research, including liquid metal synthesis, surface functionalisation and liquid metal enabled chemistry. Liquid metal cooled fast reactors, LMFR, use a coolant on the primary side that is metal base, the most common designs being sodium cooled or lead-bismuth cooled. However, surprisingly liquid metals have been somewhat neglected by the wider research community. These materials can offer extraordinary capabilities in the synthesis of new materials, catalysis and can also enable novel applications including microfluidics, flexible electronics and drug delivery. between room temperature and 300 ☌), making their liquid state accessible to practical applications in various fields of physical chemistry and synthesis. Liquid metal thermal compounds, also known as liquid metal thermal interface materials (TIMs), are made of a combination of metallic alloys that are typically made up of gallium, indium, and tin. This most often occurs either during fabrication or during hot-dip galvanizing. Liquid metal compounds are almost always electrically conductive, so while these compounds provide better performance than their paste counterparts. In order to induce embrittlement, a tensile stress is needed. These metals and alloys are characterised by having low melting points ( i.e. Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) is a condition where certain metals lose tensile ductility or seem to undergo brittle fractures when tested in the presence of specific liquid metals. Post-transition elements, together with zinc-group metals and their alloys belong to an emerging class of materials with fascinating characteristics originating from their simultaneous metallic and liquid natures.
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